1. Install Configure Inadyn Daemon Version
2. Install Configure Inadyn Daemon File

The latest release is always available from GitHub at

Table of Contents

Introduction

Inadyn is a small and simple Dynamic DNS, DDNS, client with HTTPSsupport. Commonly available in many GNU/Linux distributions, used inoff the shelf routers and Internet gateways to automate the task ofkeeping your Internet name in sync with your public¹ IP address. It canalso be used in installations with redundant (backup) connections to theInternet.

Most people are unaware they share a pool of Internet addresses withother users of the same Internet Service Provider (ISP). Protocols likeDHCP, PPPoE, or PPPoA are used to give you an address and a way toconnect to the Internet, but usually not a way for others to connect toyou. If you want to run an Internet server on such a connection yourisk losing your IP address every time you reconnect, or as in the caseof DHCP even when the lease is renegotiated.

Method 1: Install from Source. The IP address of the “A” record for the domain should be changed. When everything is OK, runs DDclient using init script, which runs it as daemon with delay set in the configuration file, so additional cron job is not necessary.

By using a DDNS client like inadyn you can register an Internet namewith a DDNS provider, like FreeDNS. TheDDNS client updates your DNS record periodically and/or on demand whenyour IP address changes. Inadyn can maintain multiple host records withthe same IP address, use a combination of a script, the address from anInternet-facing interface, or default to using the IP address changedetector of the DDNS provider.

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¹ Public IP address is the default, private addresses can also be used.

Supported Providers

Install ddclient using a software package manager, or using the command-line interface: sudo apt-get install ddclient. If this is the first time you have installed ddclient, you will be prompted by the installation script for the hostname(s) that you registered with DynDNS (or other Dynamic DNS service). If you’re running CentOS x8664 you’ll need to install the i686 version of glibc for inadyn to work. Yum install glibc.i686 Install Binary. First we need to download and install the binary. DynDNS makes the utility, along with the source code, available as a zip file which you can download from their website.

Some of these services are free of charge for non-commercial use, sometake a small fee, but also provide more domains to choose from.

DDNS providers not supported natively like http://twoDNS.de, can beenabled using the generic DDNS plugin. See below for configurationexamples.

• https://www.dyndns.org, https://dyn.com

In-A-Dyn defaults to HTTPS, but not all providers may support this, sotry disabling SSL for the update (ssl = false) or the checkip phase(checkip-ssl = false) in the provider section, in case you run intoproblems.

HTTPS is enabled by default since it protects your credentials frombeing snooped and reduces the risk of someone hijacking your account.

Configuration

In-A-Dyn supports updating several DDNS servers, several accounts even ondifferent DDNS providers. The following /etc/inadyn.conf example showhow this can be done. To verify your configuration, without starting thedaemon, use:

This looks for the default .conf file, to check any file, use:

Example

Notice how this configuration file has two different users of the No-IPprovider -- this is achieved by appending a :ID to the provider name.

We also define a custom cache directory, default is to use /var/cache.In our case /mnt is a system specific persistent store for cachingyour IP address as reported to each provider. Inadyn use this to ensureyou are not locked out of your account for excessive updates, which mayhappen if your device Internet gateway running inadyn gets stuck in areboot loop, or similar.

However, for the caching mechanism to be 100% foolproof the system clockmust be set correctly -- if you have issues with the system clock notbeing set properly at boot, e.g. pending receipt of an NTP message, usethe command line option --startup-delay=SEC. To tell inadyn it isOK to proceed before the SEC timeout, use SIGUSR2.

The last system defined is the IPv6 https://tunnelbroker.net serviceprovided by Hurricane Electric. Here hostname is set to the tunnel IDand password must be the Update key found in the Advancedconfiguration tab.

Sometimes the default checkip-server for a DDNS provider can be veryslow to respond, to this end Inadyn now supports overriding this serverwith a custom one, like for custom DDNS provider, or even a customcommand. See the man pages, or the below section, for more information.

Some providers require using a specific browser to send updates, thiscan be worked around using the user-agent = STRING setting, as shownabove. It is available both on a global and on a per-provider level.

NOTE: In a multi-user server setup, make sure to chmod your .confto 600 (read-write only by you/root) to protect against other usersreading your DDNS server credentials.

Custom DDNS Providers

In addition to the default DDNS providers supported by Inadyn, customDDNS providers can be defined in the config file. Use custom {} ininstead of the provider {} section used in examples above.

In-A-Dyn use HTTP basic authentication (base64 encoded) to communicateusername and password to the server. If you do not have a usernameand/or password, you can leave these fields out. Basic authentication,will still be used in communication with the server, but with emptyusername and password.

A DDNS provider like http://twoDNS.de can be setup like this:

For https://www.namecheap.com DDNS can look as follows. Notice howthe hostname syntax differs between these two DDNS providers. You needto investigate details like this yourself when using the generic/customDDNS plugin:

Here three hostnames are updated, one HTTP GET update request for everyDDNS provider is performed, for every listed hostname. Some providers,like FreeDNS, support setting up CNAME records (aliases) to reduce theamount of records you need to update. FreeDNS even default to linkingmultiple records to the same update, which may be very confusing if youwant each DNS record to be updated from a unique IP address -- make sureto check your settings at the DDNS provider!

Your hostname is automatically appended to the end of the ddns-path,as is customary, before it is communicated to the server. Username isyour Namecheap username, and password would be the one given to you inthe Dynamic DNS panel from Namecheap. Here is an alternative config toillustrate how the hostname setting works:

The generic plugin can also be used with providers that require theclient's new IP address in the update request. Here is an example ofhow this can be done if we pretend that http://dyn.com is notsupported by inadyn. The ddns-path differs between providers and issomething you must figure out. The support pages sometimes list thisunder an API section, or similar.

Here a fully custom ddns-path with format specifiers are used, see theinadyn.conf(5) man page for details on this.

When using the generic plugin you should first inspect the response fromthe DDNS provider. By default Inadyn looks for a 200 HTTP response OKcode and the strings 'good', 'OK', 'true', or 'updated' in theHTTP response body. If the DDNS provider returns something else you canadd a list of possible ddns-response = { Arrr, kilroy }, or just asingle ddns-response = Cool -- if your provider does give any responsethen use ddns-response = '.

If your DDNS provider does not provide you with a checkip-server, youcan use other free services, like http://ipify.org

or even use a script or command:

These two settings can also be used in standard provider{} sections.

Note:hostname is required, even if everything is encoded in theddns-path! The given hostname is appended to the ddns-path used forupdates, unless you use append-myip in which case your IP address willbe appended instead. When using append-myip you probably need toencode your DNS hostname in the ddns-path instead, as is done in thelast example above.

Build & Install

Homebrew (macOS)

To run the latest stable version on macOS, type:

To run the latest version from the master branch, install the git tap instead:

Either of these will install all dependencies.

Building from Source

First download the latest official In-A-Dyn release from GitHub:

In-A-Dyn requires a few libraries to build. The build system searchesfor them, in their required versions, using the pkg-config tool:

• libConfuse (3.0+)
• LibreSSL, OpenSSL, or GnuTLS

They are available from most UNIX distributions as pre-built packages.Make sure to install the -dev or -devel package of the distributionpackages when building Inadyn. On Debian/Ubuntu (derivatives):

To build you also need a C compiler, the pkg-config tool, and make:

When building with HTTPS (SSL/TLS) support, make sure to also installthe ca-certificates package on your system, otherwise Inadyn will notbe able to validate the DDNS provider's HTTPS certificates.

Configure & Build

The GNU Configure & Build system use /usr/local as the default installprefix. In many cases this is useful, but this means the configurationfiles and cache files will also use that same prefix. Most users havecome to expect those files in /etc/ and /var/run/ and configure hasa few useful options that are recommended to use:

You may want to remove the --prefix=/usr option.

SSL/TLS Support

By default inadyn tries to build with GnuTLS for HTTPS support. GnuTLSis the recommended SSL library to use on UNIX distributions which do notprovide OpenSSL/LibreSSL as a system library. However, when OpenSSL orLibreSSL is available as a system library, for example in many embeddedsystems:

To completely disable inadyn HTTPS support (not recommended!):

For more details on the OpenSSL and GNU GPL license issue, see:

RedHat, Fedora, CentOS

On some systems the default configure installation path, /usr/local,is disabled and not searched by tools like ldconfig and pkg-config.So if configure fails to find the libConfuse libraries, or the .pcfiles, create the file /etc/ld.so.conf.d/local.conf with this content:

update the linker cache:

and run the Inadyn configure script like this:

Integration with systemd

For systemd integration you need to install pkg-config, which helpsthe Inadyn build system figure out the systemd paths. When installedsimply call systemctl to enable and start inadyn:

Check that it started properly by inspecting the system log, or:

Building from GIT

If you want to contribute, or simply just try out the latest butunreleased features, then you need to know a few things about theGNU build system:

• configure.ac and a per-directory Makefile.am are key files
• configure and Makefile.in are generated from autogen.sh,they are not stored in GIT but automatically generated for therelease tarballs
• Makefile is generated by configure script

To build from GIT; clone the repository and run the autogen.sh script.This requires the GNU tools automake, autoconf and libtool to beinstalled on your system. Released tarballs do not require these tools.

Then you can clone the repository and create the configure script,which is not part of the GIT repo:

Building from GIT requires, at least, the previously mentioned librarydependencies. GIT sources are a moving target and are not recommendedfor production systems, unless you know what you are doing!

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Building with Docker

A Dockerfile is provided to simplify building and running inadyn.

Origin & References

This is the continuation of Narcis Ilisei's original INADYN. Nowmaintained by Joachim Nilsson. Please file bug reports, or sendpull requests for bug fixes and proposed extensions at GitHub.

Welcome to Docker Desktop for Windows!

Docker is a full development platform for creating containerized apps, andDocker Desktop for Windows is the best way to get started with Docker on Windows.

See Install Docker Desktop for Windows for information on system requirements and stable & edge channels.

Test your installation

1. Open a terminal window (Command Prompt or PowerShell, but not PowerShell ISE).

2. Run docker --version to ensure that you have a supported version of Docker:

3. Pull the hello-world image from Docker Hub and run a container:

4. List the hello-worldimage that was downloaded from Docker Hub:

5. List the hello-worldcontainer (that exited after displaying “Hello from Docker!”):

6. Explore the Docker help pages by running some help commands:

Explore the application

In this section, we demonstrate the ease and power of Dockerized applications byrunning something more complex, such as an OS and a webserver.

1. Pull an image of the Ubuntu OS and run an interactive terminal inside the spawned container:

   Do not use PowerShell ISE

   Interactive terminals do not work in PowerShell ISE (but they do in PowerShell). See docker/for-win/issues/223.

2. You are in the container. At the root # prompt, check the hostname of the container:

   Notice that the hostname is assigned as the container ID (and is also used in the prompt).

3. Exit the shell with the exit command (which also stops the container):

4. List containers with the --all option (because no containers are running).

   The hello-world container (randomly named, relaxed_sammet) stopped after displaying its message. The ubuntu container (randomly named, laughing_kowalevski) stopped when you exited the container.

5. Pull and run a Dockerized nginx web server that we name, webserver:

6. Point your web browser at http://localhost to display the nginx start page. (You don’t need to append :80 because you specified the default HTTP port in the docker command.)

7. List only your running containers:

8. Stop the running nginx container by the name we assigned it, webserver:

9. Remove all three containers by their names -- the latter two names will differ for you:

Docker Settings dialog

The Docker Desktop for Windows menu is a popup by which you can configure yourDocker settings -- installation, updates, version channels, Docker Hub login,and more.

This section explains the configuration options accessible from the Settings dialog.

1. Open the Docker Desktop for Windows menu by right-clicking the Docker icon in the Notifications area (or System tray):

2. Select Settings.. to open the Settings dialog:

General

On the General tab of the Settings dialog, you can configure when to start and update Docker.

• Start Docker when you log in - Automatically start the Docker Desktop for Windowsapplication upon Windows system login.

• Automatically check for updates - By default, Docker Desktop for Windowsautomatically checks for updates and notifies you when an update is available.Click OK to accept and install updates (or cancel to keep the currentversion). You can manually update by choosing Check for Updates from themain Docker menu.

• Send usage statistics - By default, Docker Desktop for Windows sends diagnostics,crash reports, and usage data. This information helps Docker improve andtroubleshoot the application. Uncheck to opt out. Docker may also sometimesprompt you for more information.

Shared drives

Share your local drives (volumes) with Docker Desktop for Windows, so that they areavailable to your Linux containers.

Permission for shared drives are tied to the credentials you provide here. Ifyou run docker commands under a different username than the one configuredhere, your containers cannot access the mounted volumes.

To apply shared drives, you are prompted for your Windows system (domain)username and password. You can select an option to have Docker store thecredentials so that you don’t need to enter them every time.

Tips on shared drives, permissions, and volume mounts

• Shared drives are only required for mounting volumes in Linux containers, not for Windows containers. For Linux containers, you need to share the drive where the Dockerfile and volume are located. If you get errors such as file not found or cannot start service you may need to enable shared drives. See Volume mounting requires shared drives for Linux containers.)

• If possible, avoid volume mounts from the Windows host, and instead mount on the Linux VM, or use a data volume (named volume) or data container. There are a number of issues with using host-mounted volumes and network paths for database files. See Volume mounts from host paths use a nobrl option to override database locking.

• Docker Desktop for Windows sets permissions to read/write/execute for users, groups and others 0777 or a+rwx.This is not configurable. See Permissions errors on data directories for shared volumes.

• Ensure the domain user has access to shared drives, as described in Verify domain user has permissions for shared drives.

• You can share local drives with your containers but not with Docker Machinenodes. See the FAQ, Can I share local drives and filesystem with my Docker Machine VMs?.

Firewall rules for shared drives

Shared drives require port 445 to be open between the host machine and thevirtual machine that runs Linux containers. Docker detects if port 445 is closedand shows the following message when you try to add a shared drive:

To share the drive, allow connections between the Windows host machine and thevirtual machine in Windows Firewall or your third party firewall software. Youdo not need to open port 445 on any other network.

By default, allow connections to 10.0.75.1 on port 445 (the Windows host) from10.0.75.2 (the virtual machine). If your firewall rules seem correct, you mayneed to toggle orreinstall the File and Print sharing service on the Hyper-V virtual network card

Shared drives on demand

You can share a drive “on demand” the first time a particular mount is requested.

If you run a Docker command from a shell with a volume mount (as shown in theexample below) or kick off a Compose file that includes volume mounts, you get apopup asking if you want to share the specified drive.

You can select to Share it, in which case it is added your Docker Desktop forWindows Shared Drives list and available tocontainers. Alternatively, you can opt not to share it by hitting Cancel.

Advanced

The Linux VM restarts after changing the settings on the Advanced tab. This takes a few seconds.

• CPUs - Change the number of processors assigned to the Linux VM.

• Memory - Change the amount of memory the Docker Desktop for Windows Linux VM uses.

Network

You can configure Docker Desktop for Windows networking to work on a virtual private network (VPN).

• Internal Virtual Switch - You can specify a network address translation (NAT) prefix and subnet mask to enable Internet connectivity.

• DNS Server - You can configure the DNS server to use dynamic or static IP addressing.

Note: Some users reported problems connecting to Docker Hub on Docker Desktop forWindows stable version. This would manifest as an error when trying to rundocker commands that pull images from Docker Hub that are not alreadydownloaded, such as a first time run of docker run hello-world. If youencounter this, reset the DNS server to use the Google DNS fixed address:8.8.8.8. For more information, seeNetworking issues in Troubleshooting.

Updating these settings requires a reconfiguration and reboot of the Linux VM.

Proxies

Docker Desktop for Windows lets you configure HTTP/HTTPS Proxy Settings andautomatically propagates these to Docker and to your containers. For example,if you set your proxy settings to http://proxy.example.com, Docker uses thisproxy when pulling containers.

When you start a container, your proxy settings propagate into the containers. For example:

In the output above, the HTTP_PROXY, http_proxy, and no_proxy environmentvariables are set. When your proxy configuration changes, Docker restartsautomatically to pick up the new settings. If you have containers that you wishto keep running across restarts, you should consider usingrestart policies.

Daemon

You can configure the Docker daemon to hone how your containers run.Advanced mode lets you edit the JSON directly. Basic mode lets youconfigure the more common daemon options with interactive settings (and also JSON).

Experimental mode

Both Docker Desktop for Windows Stable and Edge releases have the experimental versionof Docker Engine enabled, described in the Docker Experimental Features README onGitHub.

Experimental features are not appropriate for production environments orworkloads. They are meant to be sandbox experiments for new ideas. Someexperimental features may become incorporated into upcoming stable releases, butothers may be modified or pulled from subsequent Edge releases, and neverreleased on Stable.

On both Edge and Stable releases, you can toggle experimental mode on andoff. If you toggle it off, Docker Desktop for Windows uses the current generallyavailable release of Docker Engine.

Run docker version to see if you are in Experimental mode. Experimental modeis listed under Server data. If Experimental is true, then Docker isrunning in experimental mode, as shown here:

Custom registries

You can set up your own registries on the BasicDaemon settings.

Normally, you store public or private images in Docker Huband Docker Trusted Registry. Here, youcan use Docker to set up your own insecure registry.Simply add URLs for insecure registries and registry mirrors on which to host your images.

See How do I add custom CA certificates?and How do I add client certificates? in the FAQs.

Daemon configuration file

Install Configure Inadyn Daemon Version

The Advanced daemon settings provide the original option to directly editthe JSON configuration file for the daemon.

Updating these settings requires a reconfiguration and reboot of the Linux VM.

For a full list of options on the Docker daemon, see daemon, and also sub-topics:

Kubernetes

Kubernetes on Docker Desktop for Windowsis available in18.02 Edge (win50) and higher, and in 18.06 Stable (win70) and higher.

From Docker Desktop for Windows 18.02 CE Edge and 18.06 CE Stable a standalone Kubernetes server is included that runs on your Windows host, so that you can test deploying yourDocker workloads on Kubernetes.

The Kubernetes client command, kubectl, is included and configured to connectto the local Kubernetes server. If you have kubectl already installed andpointing to some other environment, such as minikube or a GKE cluster, be sureto change context so that kubectl is pointing to docker-for-desktop:

You can also change it through the Docker Desktop for Windows menu:

If you installed kubectl by another method, andexperience conflicts, remove it.

• To enable Kubernetes support and install a standalone instance of Kubernetesrunning as a Docker container, select Enable Kubernetes and click theApply and restart button.

  An Internet connection is required. Images required to run the Kubernetesserver are downloaded and instantiated as containers, and the

  Program FilesDockerDockerResourcesbinkubectl.exe` command is installed.

• By default, Kubernetes containers are hidden from commands like dockerservice ls, because managing them manually is not supported. To make themvisible, select Show system containers (advanced) and click Apply and restart.Most users do not need this option.

• To disable Kubernetes support at any time, deselect Enable Kubernetes.The Kubernetes containers are stopped and removed, and the/usr/local/bin/kubectl command is removed.

  For more about using the Kubernetes integration with Docker Desktop for Windows,see Deploy on Kubernetes.

Reset

On the Reset tab, you can restart Docker or reset its configuration.

• Restart Docker - Shuts down and restarts the Docker application.

• Reset to factory defaults - Resets Docker to factory defaults. This isuseful in cases where Docker stops working or becomes unresponsive.

Diagnose & feedback

Visit our Logs and Troubleshooting guide for more details.

Log on to our Docker Desktop for Windows forum to get help from the community, review current user topics, or join a discussion.

Log on to Docker Desktop for Windows issues on GitHub to report bugs or problems and review community reported issues.

To give feedback on the documentation or update it yourself, use the Feedback options at the bottom of each docs page.

Switch between Windows and Linux containers

From the Docker Desktop for Windows menu, you can toggle which daemon (Linux or Windows)the Docker CLI talks to. Select Switch to Windows containers to use Windowscontainers, or select Switch to Linux containers to use Linux containers(the default).

For more information on Windows containers, refer to this documentation:

• Microsoft documentation on Windows containers.

• Build and Run Your First Windows Server Container (Blog Post)gives a quick tour of how to build and run native Docker Windows containers on Windows 10 and Windows Server 2016 evaluation releases.

• Getting Started with Windows Containers (Lab)shows you how to use the MusicStoreapplication with Windows containers. The MusicStore is a standard .NET application and,forked here to use containers, is a good example of a multi-container application.

• To understand how to connect to Windows containers from the local host, see:Limitations of Windows containers for localhost and published ports

Install Configure Inadyn Daemon File

Settings dialog changes with Windows containers

When you switch to Windows containers, the Settings dialog only shows those tabs that are active and apply to your Windows containers:

If you set proxies or daemon configuration in Windows containers mode, theseapply only on Windows containers. If you switch back to Linux containers,proxies and daemon configurations return to what you had set for Linuxcontainers. Your Windows container settings are retained and become availableagain when you switch back.

Adding TLS certificates

To your Docker daemon, you can add trusted Certificate Authorities (CAs), to verify registry servercertificates, and client certificates, to authenticate to registries.

See How do I add custom CA certificates?and How do I add client certificates?in the FAQs.

Docker Hub

Select Sign in /Create Docker ID from the Docker Desktop for Windows menu to access your Docker Hub account. Once logged in, you can access your Docker Hub repositories directly from the Docker Desktop for Windows menu.

See these Docker Hub topics to learn more:

Where to go next

• Try out the walkthrough at Get Started.

• Dig in deeper with Docker Labs example walkthroughs and source code.

• Refer to the Docker CLI Reference Guide.